of brown leafhopper in Indonesia in 1976. However in 1976, the newly announced 1R36 which was bred from thirteen combinations of 'parent plants' was selected, as this was resistant to many diseases and it was planted in more than 10 million hectares in south east Asia in 1982, which represented 13% of the total cultivated area.
A see-saw battle has evolved whereby if a new type of rice is developed and popularized, the disease and insects race to adapt themselves to it within a short time, and damage it again as above. Therefore, although it is called the Green Revolution, revolution was not a one-time event, but a long term battle against the disease and insects which developed more resistance and continued attack the new varieties. (4)
The important issue for this development process when the Green Revolution became popular in all Asian countries was to develop and popularize modem varieties suited to the different environments within each country, which made up for the weaknesses of the IR varieties by having added resistance to disease and insects and the preferred taste of the consumers, which the ordinary varieties had, through cross-breeding research with the local ordinary varieties in each countries agricultural test sites. The localization of these IR varieties has been accepted by many farmers as increasing the resistance to blight/harmful insects, improving the taste, preventing the sales price falling as well as stabilizing yields of the new varieties.
Although in the introduction, the Green Revolution was defined as a typical international agricultural technological transfer, it is not only the transfer of technology to the developing countries from the developed countries, but also there is an essential sense in developing new varieties which are suitable for each local environment in the relevant developing countries by using modern technological knowledge derived from the developed countries.
3. Summary of Technological Characteristics of the Green Revolution
The technological characteristics of the Green Revolution based on the development/popularization of the modern varieties as above, will be concluded
